Genetic evolutionary history and delimitation of 'gene pools' has been constructed in grain amaranths based on the systematic programme of germplasm collections (both cultivated and related wild species), breeding systems, inter-and intraspecific hybridization, cytological evaluation, and synthesis of auto-and allopolyploids.
Genetically improved grain amaranth lines such as AG-21, AG-67, AG-114, AG-198, AG-198/1, AG-301, AG-303 and AG-306 have been produced by combining the desirable traits from the available germplasm base. These lines have been included in the coordinated programme on under utilized crop under UEP (NBPGR-ICAR) for yield performance trial. On the basis of coordinated trial reports they have been found promising and are under consideration for release.
Inflorescence with determinate growth and new type of glomerule structure (high percentage of male flowers) has been detected in grain Amaranths and their genetic control and incorporation in the domesticated types has been established.
A new type of inflorescence (predominantly female flowers only) has been isolated in one of the species of grain Amaranths (Amaranthus caudatus L.), which has offered possibilities of manipulation for raising F1 hybrid seed.
Genome relationships analysis between wild and cultivated types of grain amaranths species revealed close genetic homology which has broadened base of grain amaranths 'gene pool' and opened the possibilities of evolving grain amaranth crop for dry, cold and desert valleys.
Through hybridization and selection programme a species of grain amaranths with predominantly male flowers/glomerule has been identified for use as male line in the hybrid seed production.
Based on the germplasm evaluation of grain amaranths accessions (indigenous collections and exotic introductions) some promising types with more economical values have been identified.
Collaboration in the All India Co-ordinated Trial under UEP, NBPGR, ICAR for AVT for yield performance for the identification of promising genotypes in grain amaranths.
Screening of grain amaranths germplasm for nutritional value through protein analysis by using Kjeltec Auto-distillation unit.
Preparation of pass-port data for the registration of grain amaranth accessions (developed at NBRI) for the National Gene Bank.
Conduction of evaluation trial of the promising lines obtained from NBPGR, New Delhi for the UC project.
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